windows server core docker image size

windows server core docker image sizehow to edit file in docker container

Performance scenarios are on the left and the different container images in which we measured them are on top. Microsoft on Thursday announced the release of its "first preview build" of Windows 10 version 22H2, namely build 19045.1865. Click here to return to Amazon Web Services homepage. An important step is that you must inform the AMI ID and AMI Family. For example, you can (in theory) update a 1 KB text file 500 times before it will have the same impact of updating a 500 KB file once. Well prepare the the Windows Server 2004 to have the EKS components. Imagine you and I are racing two cars on a track. There is no additional server setup required to use the Image Builder in the AWS Management Console or to use Image Builder commands that interact with AWSTOE on your behalf. Comments are closed. In the time of this blog post, Kubernetes 1.20. As far as I know when you turn it on/off or change the settings then Device Guard will block already generated images but Ngen cannot detect them as invalid. You can see an early version of the .NET Framework SDK image Dockerfile that you can see and test. Each time a file is updated, the size of the image increases by the size of the new duplicate file. Check out their posts. Sign up for our newsletters here. Glad you liked it! Nano Server is an ultralight Windows offering for new application development. Let the pipeline use the latest Kubelet and Docker version or set it to a specific version. Ill explain it. This may be a reality if not using the right approach to avoid expensive I/O operations. You should consider uncommenting this line if you run 32-bit .NET Framework applications. In the worst case scenario, four copies of many files are created, and that doesnt account for the fact that each file has IL and NGEN variants, for x86 and x64. You would need to either copy this line to your application Dockerfile (typically as the first line after the FROM statement) or use this Dockerfile as an alternative to using the .NET Framework runtime image. The improvements should apply to any scenario where you use Windows Server Core containers images. I wanted to both share the improvement we made but also use it as an opportunity to share some of what Ive learned about containers over the years. No new security fixes. The size explosion starts to become apparent and is hard to fully grasp without a full accounting in a spreadsheet. There should be a single copy of each file in the .NET Framework, across all container image layers published by Microsoft. Container startup into Windows PowerShell is 45% faster, using the .NET Framework runtime image compared to the 1903 runtime image. The first FROM line pulls Windows Server Core 2019, which includes .NET Framework 4.7.2. "As we are committed to invest in the Windows containers business, we believe it is a right thing at this right time to build a new image based on a 'full' Windows Server edition to enable more capabilities," the announcement explained. AWSTOE uses YAML documents to define the scripts that customize your image. Stepping back, not all file updates are equal. Insider images are >40% smaller than the latest (patched) 1903 images. As you can see, the time taken to Pulled the image was 54 seconds (which is the time Docker spent checking the already present image metadata. As background, Docker creates a read-only layer for each command in a Dockerfile, like FROM, RUN and even ENV. They list various versions including 1803 and 1809 (but not 1806?) Currently this is a pain and leads to strange bugs like: https://aloiskraus.wordpress.com/2017/12/13/the-case-of-ngen-exe-needing-50-gb-of-memory/. Starting with the next version of Windows Server, we have the following guidance for Windows container users: A lot of our effort on Docker containers has been focused on .NET Core, however, we have been looking for opportunities to improve the experience for .NET Framework users as well. Thats basically what docker run has to do if you dont have a local copy of an image. Are there any plans to get decent support for it. In this step, well create an image pipeline to automatically build the custom EKS/ECS optimized Windows AMI. At this point you should manually start your EC2 Image Builder pipeline in order to generate the AMI. The following example shows an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) image called iis-dnn-a82378d43adb that has only 302.25MB compacted. Can you please help me there? All rights reserved. There should be a single copy of each file in the .NET Framework, across all container image layers published by Microsoft. This issue is external to OSHI; apparently containers do not (by default) have access to the host systems performance counters, and they must be enabled in a configuration. And we are facing some issues on that, more details here. 2.4 This is an important step. Also you can let EC2 Image Builder to create a new version of the existing Launch template that references your latest Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) and automatically update your EC2 Auto Scaling. These images are for mscorlib.dll, System.dll and System.Core.dll. You can check them out for yourself. Architecturally, we had three design characteristics that we wanted in a solution: The biggest risk was the last characteristic, about maintaining startup performance, given that our primary startup performance lever NGEN was the primary target for reducing container image size. The middle RUN line services .NET Framework 4.8 with the latest patches. This is the size of the upload/download during the push/pull operations. The cache strategy is built on the AMI level, you can use the same approach for an Amazon ECS cluster. In my example, the pipeline will automatically run every week to make sure the latest Windows updated are installed on my image. That did lead to ngen update calls after every boot which cannot be good either. Select the image type as Amazon Machine Image (AMI). Change the search to Owned by me and search by Docker pull or the name you choose during step 1. If you use your own version of this Dockerfile, then you can customize it further. I have heard many times from customers that Windows containers arent fast to launch due to the container image size. Thanks in advance. How do you choose the right base image to build upon? If you are not familar with containers, it may not be obvious how valuable achieving that goal really is. Microsoft announced the release of build 20344 on Wednesday. Automatic NGen should detect that the images are invalid and cannot be loaded and Ngen the baseline over time automatically. Maintain startup performance as container image size is reduced. For most users, Windows Server Core and Nanoserver will be the most appropriate image to use. Feedback? Once flagged, every instance launched from the AMI will automatically launch faster. NGEN images that are created by default should align with default use cases. This is why there are no subsequent RUN statements that download and install later or serviced .NET Framework versions. https://github.com/microsoft/ApplicationInsights-dotnet-server/issues/676#issuecomment-412341124_. Analyzing the explanation above, it isnt the overall image size the main problem for a slow Windows container launch. The base image already exists on the disk, resulting in the additional amount in disk as 460MB. You already know how the story ends from the introduction, but lets keep digging, and look at what we did in preparation for Windows Server Core 20H1 images (what is in Insiders now). 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It turns out that we managed to make the car go faster, too, and it can still go just as far. We are comparing an Insider image to a serviced 1903 image (nearly a year of patches that cause size increases). Hey @georgblumenschein, have you had any success with this? Microsoft refers to the latter GUI option as the desktop experience. Im racing a white one with a red maple leaf OK, OK, the color doesnt matter! Decreasing image size and maintaining startup performance was the biggest challenge as NGEN was the culprit for increased image size. Thanks, I will check if an upgrade is possible. Windows PowerShell startup within a running container is slower with the Insider-based runtime image than the 1903 runtime image, by 20ms (15%) on our hardware. Security I notice this bug impacting performance counters on Windows Server Containers. The output below contains the results of an ASP.NET application running on a Windows pod hosted by Amazon EKS. The Ngentask should also be able to cope with that. The Dockerfile for .NET Framework 4.8 on Windows Server Core 2019 demonstrates the anti-pattern were wanting to fix, of updating files multiple times in different layers, as follows: Letss dive into what the Dockerfile is actually doing. Windows Containers vs. Server Containers Windows Server Core images include a series of pre-compiled .NET native images that are generated using a tool called Ngen.exe to improve startup performance. This is similar to the way Git works with binaries, if you are familiar with that model. It also means that it makes more sense to customize NGEN in your own Dockerfiles since the images Microsoft produces have much fewer NGEN images to start with. This is an excellent feature to be combined with the proposed AMI generated in this blog post. precompiled or what exactly needs to be done to make sure your custom application is using optimal configuration. The current Insider Windows Server Core images now include a significantly smaller set of NGEN images. Microsoft's New Commerce Experience (NCE) subscription model offers less flexibility for commercial customers by steering them toward annual commitments, but it's maybe even worse for Microsoft's Cloud Solutions Provider (CSP) partners. Latest Windows Server Updates May Cause Printing and Scanning Issues, Latest Windows Server vNext Insider Build Brings Support for LAPS, Microsoft to Fix Windows Bug Breaking Wi-Fi hotspots After Installing Latest Patch Tuesday Update, Microsoft Confirms Windows Server Backup Issues in This Month's Patch Tuesday Updates, Microsoft Acknowledges Office Zero-Day Flaw Affecting Windows Diagnostic Tool, Microsoft Releases Out-Of-Band Patches to Fix Windows AD Authentication Issues, Access saved content from your profile page. 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Also, we expect these numbers to change before the Windows Server 20H1 release, either a little better or a little worse, but not far off what Ive described here. On the step 1.3 we use the follow command to login on the Amazon ECR repository.. The new Server container image, now released at the preview stage for Windows Server 2022, represents a fourth container OS base image type. 2.7 A good option is to add the update-windows component to have the latest security updates installed on the AMI. The 5.2.5 bugfix is clear, thanks for the info. Windows is the largest image and has full Windows API support for workloads. I am getting the dependency via Gradle. but you might try the workaround in that article, or try a newer version. Container startup into Windows PowerShell is 30-45% faster. In many cases, I also hear the following comparative: Linux Containers vs Windows Containers and how fast is the Linux when compared with Windows. Included NGEN assemblies used by Windows PowerShell and ASP.NET only. NGEN images that are created by default should align with default use cases. You can learn more on the official documentation. The extraction is the most expensive operation and the most common root cause for delays in Windows container launches. This much more streamlined approach has the following key benefits: In terms of guidance, this new approach means that you should strongly prefer the .NET Framework runtime (or SDK) image if you are using Windows PowerShell or containerizing a .NET Framework application. I would suggest searching and/or inquiring on support forums for Windows-based Docker containers. Improvements in Windows PowerShell Container Images, Making Windows Server Core Containers 40% Smaller, .NET Framework Dockerfiles are open source, Dockerfile for .NET Framework 4.8 on Windows Server Core 2019, Dockerfile for .NET Framework 4.8 on the Windows Server Core Insider image, .NET Framework December 2019 Security and Quality Rollup, An Introduction to System.Threading.Channels, Login to edit/delete your existing comments, https://aloiskraus.wordpress.com/2017/12/13/the-case-of-ngen-exe-needing-50-gb-of-memory/. The single RUN statement uses ngen to pre-compile a curated set of assemblies that we expect will benefit most .NET applications, but only for the 64-bit version of .NET Framework. While the images are bigger, they offer better performance. UPDATE: I found the list of the non-supported APIs and core should have performance counters (nano doesnt). Lets say you are running an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster based on Windows or an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service cluster (Amazon EKS) with Windows node groups. Maintain startup performance as container image size is reduced. Instead, it is the time the Pull/Extraction operation takes to pull, extract, and make the additional layers available. For many scenarios, image size ends up being a dominant startup cost because images need to be pulled across a network as part of docker run. The Windows Server Core base image is now a lot smaller, and will be a massive benefit for Windows applications that dont use .NET Framework. In this blog post, Im using Amazon EKS as the orchestrator. The last RUN line runs the ngen tool to create or update NGEN images, if needed. Feel free to measure this and other scenarios and give us your feedback. 7 Critical Things to Consider. Try Lightrun to collect production stack traces without stopping your Java applications! If files are updated in multiple layers, you will end up carrying multiple copies of that file in the image even though there is only one copy in the final image layer (the one you see and use). On the main page of EC2 Image Builder, click Create image pipeline. Note: The 1903 image is the latest version of 1903, with nearly as year of patches (which increase the size of the image). Lets put the comparative aside and burst the Windows container launch. If you need better startup performance than the .NET Framework runtime image has to offer, we recommend creating your own images with your own profile of NGEN images. 2.9 You will end up having three components: 2.10 The IAM instance profile generated by EC2 Image Builder already has the necessary policy to log in to Amazon ECR. You must select the Windows Server image that will be served as the base image for your Windows Nodes. 2.3 On the source image, Select Windows and Quick start (Amazon-managed). Windows PowerShell startup within a running container is slower with the Insider image than the 1903 base image, by 100ms (15%) on our hardware. Create an EKS node group using the custom EKS Optimized Windows AMI. The compressed Insider image is 46% smaller than the 1903 base image. This is considered a supported scenario, and doesnt disqualify you from getting support from Microsoft. If you are interested in the details or reproducing these numbers yourself, the following list details the measurements we made and some of our methodology. Instead of hitting the gas pedals, we jump out of the cars and first fill up our gas tanks, then jump back in and finally start moving forward to do the job we were paid to do (race the cars!). This is the case for scenarios where the container environment doesnt maintain an image cache (more common than you might think). Container launch (run from the host, in PowerShell): PowerShell launch (run from inside the container, in PowerShell): If you are using .NET Framework applications with Windows containers, including Windows PowerShell, use a. Something to pay attention to is that the description has EKS version 1.16. Lander says that the improvements should apply in any scenario where Windows Server Core container images are used and will be most beneficial for scaling apps, continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD), and other situations where images are pulled without using a Docker image cache or where faster startup times are required. 2.5 Another great option is to select the option: Use latest available OS version, which will include all the Windows updates at the time AWS generated it as well as all AMI new features or performance improvements. In this blog post, Ill use eksctl to create a new Amazon EKS node group and specify the custom AMI. See September 2019 Security and "Producer/consumer" problems are everywhere, in all facets of our lives. In this example, the cache strategy is implemented on the Windows node. Many files are being updated multiple times with this series of commands. In the Sequence panel, you have two options. To speed up the Windows container deployment, we will use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to pull container images from an Amazon ECR repository during the AMI build pipeline. Note: All launch measurements listed are the average of the middle 3 of 5 test runs. Windows 10 (Build 19044) seems unaffected, same for Linux. The 1909 images are currently ~5gb, the changes didnt make it out of insiders yet? Wed be interested in talking with you if you are using .NET Framework containers in production to learn more about what is working well and what isnt. Using this approach, all the expensive I/O operations (file extraction) will be happening on the AMI build creation instead of the container launch. The FROM statement pulls the Windows Server Core Insider base image layer, which already contains the (serviced) version of the .NET Framework we want. Still looking into this. Mac vs PC for Work? The size column shows the overall size of 5.73GB. For example, you could target a smaller or different set of assemblies that are specifically chosen for only your application. I am not familiar with special settings required to enable performance counters inside a Docker container, but I believe it is something that can be configured in the container. The PowerShell and Windows Server Teams also posted on this topic. Microsoft on Thursday announced a preview of a new full "Server" container image option for Windows Server 2022 when it uses the "desktop experience.". A larger set of images is included in the .NET Framework runtime images, also based on Server Core, but are also smaller because Microsoft makes sure that there is only one copy of each NGEN image that target ASP.NET and PowerShell performance. We started this project with the hypothesis that the way .NET Framework is packaged and installed does not play nicely with the way Docker layers work. Microsoft on Thursday outlined its Microsoft Store on Windows plans, and how its app distribution scheme will work with the various management tools used by organizations. On Windows 11 (Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22000.613]) every version smaller than 5.2.5 fails in the os.getProcess call. You have properly installed and configured. In this example, Ill select Windows Server 2004 English Core Base x86. I notice you are using the core image: using mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019 as a base image. It worked well in the local Hyper-V Containers and Azure Container Instances. Ill give you the value-oriented summary of what those numbers are actually telling us. The new Server container, now available as a preview with Windows Server 2022, dispenses with those constraints. 7 Critical Reasons for Microsoft 365 Backup. On a high-pressure container environment, where EC2 Auto Scaling is frequently triggered to add more capacity in the cluster, it may take around 4 to 8 minutes for a container to become ready from the time the EC2 Auto Scaling was triggered to the time the Windows container accepts traffic. Please tell us about other pain points for using .NET Framework in containers. Problems? In the search box, type EKS. They still contain the .NET Framework but only a much smaller set of the NGEN images as compared to the 1903 base image. Whether its Security or Cloud Computing, we have the know-how for you. We found that NGEN image files were the worst offender. But.. globalization settings like language and time zone are fundamental to keep the world running. Questions? Im going to stretch this analogy a little further. In-built based images are already extracted on the ECS/EKS Optimized Windows AMI. mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019. Container startup into Windows PowerShell is 30% faster, when using the Insider image compared to the 1903 base image. We found that this was the case based on an investigation we did over a year ago. Build the custom EKS/ECS Optimized Windows AMI pipeline. Include a serviced copy of .NET Framework 4.8. Windows Server Container Options During a push/pull operation, only the layers that compose your image are uploaded/download to the repository. We intend to produce .NET Framework images for the next version of Windows Server Core as soon as 20H1 images are available in the Windows Docker repo. Can you please expand with second article specifically how NGEN works and how exactly for .NET framework based applications which using other assemblies then default ones which are being NGENed shall be optimized to work in such cases. 3.1 Adjust your eksctl config file to add a new node group and specify the custom AMI. Thats basically the same thing we achieved. OK, back to reality lets look at the actual results we saw, as measured in our performance lab. I think there is still a lot of mystery on how containers work. .NET Framework Dockerfiles are open source, so I will use them as examples in the rest of the post. Windows container images have offered the best compatibility with applications. You have a Windows container image on Amazon ECS. Ill explain a few more things first, to make sure youve got the right context. Kurt Mackie is senior news producer for 1105 Media's Converge360 group. In this blog post I showed how you might use a cache container image strategy to speed up a Windows container launch, however you can also use the same approach to speed up any container workload, independent of OS, like containers sidecar, CI build containers, and more. Turns out that we did better than that, but let me ignore our achievements for a moment to make a point. Microsoft's announcement included a table clarifying those very confusing details. We used PowerShell as a proxy for any .NET Framework application, but also because we expect that PowerShell is used a lot in containers. The Windows Server team has already published the new images in the Server Core Insider Docker repo, and will eventually publish them to their stable repo with their 20H1 release. Click Next. So, Windows container images may not be an option for some organizations wanting to deploy Windows Server in their local "on-premises" environments. It is likely that more than 80% is already on disk as in-built base image.

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